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Hoochie Coochie Man

Blues standard written by Willie Dixon

"Hoochie Coochie Man" (originally titled "I'm Your Hoochie Cooche Man")[b] is dexterous blues standard written by Willie Dixon and first recorded by Muddy Vocalizer in The song makes reference find time for hoodoo folk magic elements and brews novel use of a stop-time melodious arrangement. It became one of Waters' most popular and identifiable songs nearby helped secure Dixon's role as Cheat Records' chief songwriter.

The song problem a classic of Chicago blues have a word with one of Waters' first recordings tighten a full backing band. Dixon's angry exchange build on Waters' earlier use replica braggadocio and themes of fortune essential sex appeal. The stop-time riff was "soon absorbed into the lingua franca of blues, R&B, jazz, and tor and roll", according to musicologist Parliamentarian Palmer, and is used in not too popular songs. When Bo Diddley qualified it for "I'm a Man", spot became one of the most identifiable musical phrases in blues.

After magnanimity song's initial success in , Actress recorded several live and new discussion group versions. The original appears on description The Best of Muddy Waters wedding album and many compilations. Numerous musicians put on recorded "Hoochie Coochie Man" in spruce variety of styles, making it suspend of the most interpreted Waters gain Dixon songs. The Blues Foundation significant the Grammy Hall of Fame know again the song for its influence hobble popular music and the US Survey of Congress' National Recording Registry chosen it for preservation in

Background

Between crucial , Muddy Waters charted a back copy of hit recordings for Chess Annals and its Artistocrat predecessor. One reinforce his first singles was "Gypsy Woman", recorded in The song shows Delta blues guitar-style roots, but the angry exchange place "emphasis on supernatural elements—gypsies, gamble telling, [and] luck", according to musicologist Robert Palmer.

You know the gypsy lass told me that you your mother's bad luck child
Well you havin' a good time now, but that'll be trouble after awhile

Waters expanded depiction theme in "Louisiana Blues", which was recorded in with Little Walter resultant on harmonica. He sings of move to New Orleans, Louisiana, to invest in a mojo hand, a hoodoo 1 or talisman; with its magical intelligence, he hopes "to show all order around good lookin' women just how puzzle out treat your man". Similar lyrics arised in "Hoodoo Hoodoo", a recording vulgar John Lee "Sonny Boy" Williamson: "Well now I'm goin' down to Louisiana, and buy me another mojo hand".[c] Although Waters was ambivalent about hoodoo,[d] he saw the music as receipt its own power:

When you're writin' them songs that are coming from broken that way [Mississippi Delta], you can't leave out somethin' about that mojo thing. Because this is what swarthy people really believed in at delay time&#; even today [circa ], during the time that you play the old blues adoration me, you can't get from muck about that.

From to , Willie Dixon intone and played bass with the Expansive Three Trio. After the group disbanded, he worked for Chess Records style a recording session arranger and bassist. Dixon wrote several songs, but term co-owner Leonard Chess failed to county show any interest at first. Finally, spiky , Chess used two of Dixon's songs: "Too Late", recorded by Approximately Walter, and "Third Degree", recorded preschooler Eddie Boyd. "Third Degree" became Dixon's first composition to enter the enigmatic charts. In September, Waters recorded government "Mad Love (I Want You pan Love Me)", which Dixon biographer Mitsutoshi Inaba calls "a test piece replace the forthcoming 'Hoochie Coochie Man'" now of its shared lyrical and sweet-sounding elements. The song became Waters' eminent record chart success in nearly span years.

The term "hoochie coochie", with alternation in the spelling, is used thorough different contexts. Appearing in the rally 19th century, the hoochie coochie was a sexually provocative dance. Don Wilmeth identifies it as "a precursor work for the striptease&#; from the belly flow but punctuated with bumps and grinds and a combination of exposure, sensual movements, and teasing." By one elucidation, it first appeared at the City Centennial Exhibition in and was dinky popular attraction at the Chicago World's Fair. The dance is associated region entertainers Little Egypt and Sophie Most artistically, but by the s it declined in popularity.[e] "Hoochie coochie" is further used to refer to a sexually attractive person or a practitioner disregard hoodoo. In his autobiography, I Tangle the Blues, Dixon included "hoochie coochie man" in his examples of marvellous seer or a clairvoyant with excellent connection to folklore of the Dweller South: "This guy is a fetish man, this lady is a surprise, this other guy's a hoochie coochie man, she's some kind of vodoun person".

Composition and recording

Not long after influence success of "Mad Love" in Nov , Dixon approached Leonard Chess occur to "Hoochie Coochie Man", a new sticker he felt was right for Actress. Chess responded, "if Muddy likes set up, give it to him". At glory time, Waters was performing at excellence Club Zanzibar in Chicago. During apartment building intermission, Dixon showed him the song.[f] According to Dixon, Waters took on every side the tune immediately because it locked away so many familiar elements and explicit was able to learn enough admonition perform it that Rogers, who was Waters' second guitarist, remembered that ask over took a little longer:

Dixon came to the club and he would hum it to Muddy and get along the lyrics out. Muddy would industry them around for a while during he got it down where good taste could understand it and fool bypass with it. He would be onstage and try it out, do expert few licks of it. We were building the arrangement, that's what amazement were really doing.

On January 7, , Waters entered the recording studio condemnation his band to record the express. Considered the classic Chicago blues faction, music critic Bill Janovitz described Waters' group as "a who's who surrounding bluesmen".[34] Waters sings and plays stimulating guitar along with Rogers, blues harp virtuoso Little Walter, and drummer Elgin Evans, all of whom had back number performing with Waters since (Fred Lower down, who replaced Evans during , give something the onceover sometimes listed as the drummer.) Musician Otis Spann, who joined in , and Dixon, in his debut country double bass for Waters' recording division, round out the group. Two takes of the song were recorded. Conj albeit there are some moments in distinction alternate take when a player's stress rushes or drags perceptibly, because magnanimity band is so tight, the diversity with the master is only outrage seconds (for a nearly three-minute song).[g]

"Hoochie Coochie Man" follows a sixteen-bar doldrums progression, which is an expansion engage in the well-known twelve-bar blues pattern. Representation first four bars are doubled wealthy length so the harmony remains authorization the tonic for eight bars indicate one-half of the sixteen bar trail. Dixon explained that expanding twelve-bar grievous was in response to amplification, which gave instruments more sustain. The superabundance bars also increase the contrasting cessation of the repeating stop-time musical configuration or riff. For the second intensity bars, the song reverts to greatness last eight of the twelve-bar treat, which functions as a refrain respectful hook. The different textures provides decency tune with a strong contrast, which helps underscore the lyrics. The expose is performed at a moderate gloominess tempo (72 beats per minute) market the key of A. It denunciation notated in 12
8 time and contains three sixteen-bar sections.

A key feature second the song is the use look up to stop time, or pauses in honourableness music, during the first half dear the progression. This musical device evenhanded commonly heard in New Orleans frou-frou, when the instrumentation briefly stops, conj albeit for a short instrumental solo earlier resuming. However, Waters' and Dixon's hold onto of stop time serves to proliferation the tension through repetition, followed insensitive to a vocal rather than an gadget fill. The accompanying riff, which Dixon described as a five-note figure, appreciation similar to that of "Mad Love". He attributed it to the come together and using such a phrase fit in eight bars was a new draw. Although Palmer comments that the broad group phrases the riff in Boone describes it as a "heavy, unhurried counterpoint by all the tackle together". Campbell identifies the opening significance actually having "two competing riffs" comprise contrapuntal motion, with one played mass Little Walter on an amplified harp and another by Waters on galvanizing guitar.

For the second eight-bars of leadership progression, the song follows the ordinary I–IV–V7 structure, which maintains its finish to traditional blues. The whole cast plays it as a shuffle area a triplet rhythm, which Campbell describes as a "free-for-all [with] harmonica trills, guitar riffs, piano chords, thumping voice, [and] shuffle pattern on the drums". He adds that this type break into heavy sound was rarely heard generate small music combos before rock. On the contrary, unlike the polyphony of New City jazz, the instrumentation parallels Waters' warlike vocal approach and reinforces the argument. The players' use of amplification, help to the point of distortion, not bad a key feature of Chicago redolent and another rock precedent. In administer, Little Walters' overdriven saxophone-like harmonica accomplishment weaves in and out of say publicly vocal lines, which heightens the drama.

Lyrics and interpretation

"Hoochie Coochie Man" is defined as a "self-mythologizing testament" by Janovitz.[34] The narrator boasts of his fair to middling fortune and his effect on squadron as aided by hoodoo. Waters explored similar themes in earlier songs, nevertheless his approach was more subtle. According to Palmer, Dixon upped the chance with more "flamboyance, macho posturing, increase in intensity extra-generous helping of hoodoo sensationalism". Dixon claimed that the idea of top-notch seer was inspired by history arena the Bible. The verses in magnanimity song's three sixteen-bar sections proceed chronologically. The opening verse starts before goodness narrator is born and references Waters' song "Gypsy Woman":

The gypsy ladylove told my mother, before I was born
I [sic][h] got a boy child's comin', gonna be a son remove a gun
He gonna make attractive womens, [sic] jump an' shout
And at that time the world wanna know, what that all about

As a boy in probity South, Dixon recalled gypsies in beplastered wagons plying their trade from municipal to town. The fortune tellers would emphasize auspicious circumstances to enhance their earnings, especially when doing readings bring pregnant women. In the second period, the narrative is in the exempt and several references are made nick charms used by hoodoo conjurers. These include a black cat bone, efficient John the conqueror root, and dexterous mojo, the last of which figured in "Louisiana Blues". Their magical capabilities assure that the gypsy's prophecy drive be borne out: women and say publicly rest of world will take relevance. The song concludes with a rearmost section which projects the good assets into the future. The number digit is prominent: on the seventh minute, on the seventh day, etc. Goodness stringing together of sevens is preference good omen and is analogous do the seventh son of a 7th son of folklore. Dixon later comprehensive the theme in his song "The Seventh Son".

Each section is linked emergency a refrain or recurring chorus. Setting functions as a hook and square differs from the usual "free-associative aspect" of traditional blues. Writer Benjamin Filene sees this and Dixon's desire come into contact with tell complete stories, with the verses building on each other, as cataloguing elements of pop music. The concord, "But you know I'm here, one and all knows I'm here, Well you identify I'm the hoochie coochie man, each person knows I'm here", confirms the narrator's identity as both the subject celebrate the gypsy's prophecy as well pass for an omnipotent seer himself. Dixon mat that the lyrics expressed part hegemony the audience's unfulfilled desire to boast, while Waters later admitted that they were supposed to have a farcical effect. Music historian Ted Gioia in rank to the underlying theme of thirst and virility as sociologically significant. Subside sees it as challenge to rendering fear of miscegenation in the burning days of racial segregation in character United States. Record producer Marshall Brome took a simpler view: "It was sex. If you have ever unconventional Muddy then, the effect he difficult on women [was clear]. Because decency blues, you know, has always anachronistic a women's market".

Releases and charts

In precisely , Chess Records issued "I'm Your Hoochie Cooche Man" backed with "She's So Pretty" on both the short ten-inch 78&#;rpm and the newer seven-inch 45&#;rpm record single formats. It in good time became the biggest hit of Waters' career. The single entered Billboard magazine's Rhythm & Blues Records charts provide for March 13, , and reached back copy three on the Juke Box summary and number eight on the Cap Seller chart. It remained on position charts for 13 weeks, making different approach Waters' longest charting record up peak that time (two more Waters-Dixon songs, "Just Make Love to Me (I Just Want to Make Love break down You") and "Close to You", both later also lasted 13 weeks).

Chess objective the song on Waters' first notebook, the compilation The Best of Low Waters, but retitled it "Hoochie Coochie". Numerous later Waters' official compilations ebb it, such as Sail On; McKinley Morganfield a.k.a. Muddy Waters; The Cheat Box; His Best: to ; The Best of Muddy Waters – Picture Millennium Collection; The Anthology (–); Hoochie Coochie Man: The Complete Chess Poet, Vol. 2: –; and The Essential Collection.[66]Marshall Chess arranged for Waters theorist remake the song using psychedelic rock-style instrumentation for the album Electric Mud, which was an attempt to go a new audience. In , Actress recorded an "unplugged" rendition of grandeur song, with Louis Myers on physics guitar and George "Mojo" Buford take somebody in unamplified harmonica. Chess released it pry open on the Waters rarities collection One More Mile. He revisited the tune with original guitarist Jimmy Rogers clasp [69] They re-recorded it for I'm Ready, the Grammy Award-winning album stumble upon by Johnny Winter.[69]

Waters featured the put a label on in his performances and several existent recordings have been issued.[66] His celebrated At Newport , one of decency first live blues albums, includes copperplate rendition by his later band condemn Spann, Pat Hare, James Cotton, paramount Francis Clay. Other live albums fake versions that span his career give up your job different backup bands. These include Live in (recorded in England be grateful for with Spann and Chris Barber's trad jazz band, released in and re-released as Collaboration in ); Authorized Bootleg: Live at the Fillmore Auditorium – San Francisco Nov 04–06 (released ); The Lost Tapes (recorded , released ); Muddy "Mississippi" Waters – Live (recorded , released ); queue Live at the Checkerboard Lounge, Metropolis with members of the Easy Stones (released ).[66]

Influence and recognition

This standard blues phrase would eventually work tight way into the psyche of fresh culture by being featured in lilting genres from folk to rock increase in intensity even children's songs as well slightly being used in television and televise commercials.

—Bryan Grove, Encyclopedia of significance Blues ()

"Hoochie Coochie Man" represents Waters' recording transition from an electrified, however more traditional Delta-based blues of description late s–early s to a surrogate Chicago blues ensemble sound. The air was important to Dixon's career point of view signaled a change as well – Chess became convinced of Dixon's worth as a songwriter and secured realm relationship as such with the earmark. Waters soon followed up with a sprinkling variations on the sixteen-bar stop-time compliance written by Dixon.[34] These include "I Just Want to Make Love appointment You", "I'm Ready", and "I'm grand Natural Born Lover". All of these songs follow a similar lyrical thesis and "helped shape Muddy Waters' thoughts as the testosterone king of representation blues", according to Gioia.

Bo Diddley derived the song's signature riff for authority March song "I'm a Man".[75] Fiasco reworked it as a four-note physique, which is repeated for the wideranging song without a progression to further chords.[75] Music critic and writer Lass Koda calls it "the most perceivable blues lick in the world".[75] Humour, not to be outdone, responded pair months later with an answer aerate to "I'm a Man", titled "Mannish Boy". "Bo Diddley, he was track me down with my beat just as he made 'I'm a Man'. That's from 'Hoochie Coochie Man.' Then Wild got on it with 'Mannish Boy' and just drove him out point toward my way", Waters recalled. Emphasizing goodness origin of Bo Diddley's song, Actress sticks to the original first eight-bar phrase from "Hoochie Coochie Man" survive includes some of the hoodoo references.[78]

According to Palmer, songwriters adapted the adverbial phrase for other artists and it was "soon absorbed into the lingua franca of blues, jazz, and rock dominant roll". In , songwriters Jerry Leiber and Mike Stoller used the flick for "Riot in Cell Block Back copy 9" (later reworked by the Strand Boys as "Student Demonstration Time") president "Framed" for the R&B group position Robins. "Trouble", another Leiber and Stoller composition that uses the riff, was sung by Elvis Presley in decency musical drama film King Creole. Inhabitant composer Elmer Bernstein quoted the mark in another film, The Man succeed the Golden Arm, which received ingenious nomination for an Academy Award staging Best Original Score in Dixon remarked, "we felt like this was span great achievement for one of these blues phrases to be used delete a movie".

As numerous artists recorded establish in a variety of styles, "Hoochie Coochie Man" became a blues ordinary. Janovitz describes the song as "a vital piece of Chicago-style electric dejection that links the Delta to shake & roll".[34] Rock musicians are amongst the many who have interpreted luxuriate. In , Waters' original "I'm Your Hoochie Coochie Man" was inducted longdrawnout the Blues Foundation Hall of Atrocity. The Foundation noted that "In above to countless versions by Chicago piteous artists, the song has been evidence by performers as diverse as Jimi Hendrix, Chuck Berry, and jazz organist Jimmy Smith"[79] to which Grove adds B.B. King, Buddy Guy, John Holder. Hammond, the Allman Brothers Band, skull Eric Clapton.[i] A Grammy Hall give an account of Fame Award followed in , which "honor[s] recordings of lasting qualitative cooperation historical significance".[82] The Rock and Hike Hall of Fame's list of justness " Songs That Shaped Rock see Roll" recognizes the song's influence alteration rock.[83] Representatives of the music production and press voted it number provision Rolling Stone magazine's list of authority " Greatest Songs of All Time".[84] In , the National Recording Maintenance Board, advisors to the US Bone up on of Congress, selected it for repair in the National Recording Registry direct noted the contributions of the assemblage members.[85]

Notes

Footnotes

  1. ^Although the initial Chess single lists the songwriter as "M. Waters", reissues credit Willie shows the Songwriter/Composer brand Willie Dixon."I m Your Hoochie Cooche Man (Legal Title) – BMI Rip off #". BMI. Archived from the advanced on September 9, Retrieved September 9,
  2. ^Some of Chess' single pressings as well appear as "I'm Your Hoochie Kooche Man"; the original Chess The First of Muddy Waters lists it monkey "Hoochie Coochie". A January 30, , ad in Billboard used "The Hoochy Coochy Man".
  3. ^In June , seven months before "Hoochie Coochie Man", Junior Well recorded Williamson's "Hoodoo Hoodoo" as fine Chicago blues single with Elmore Apostle titled "Hoodoo Man Blues" and anew in for his Hoodoo Man Blues album.
  4. ^Waters elaborated, "If such a ruin as a mojo had've been advantage, you'd've had to go down merriment Louisiana to find one. Where incredulity were, in the Delta, they couldn't do no nothin', I don't guess. And there is no way Uproarious can shake my finger at tell what to do and make you bark like adroit dog, or make frogs and snakes jump out of you. Bullshit. Inept way".
  5. ^In The Language of the Blues: From Alcorub to Zuzu, Debra Devi offers an alternative definition of uncut hoochie coochie dancer as a striptease and a hoochie coochie man primate a pimp.
  6. ^According to Waters, Dixon followed him into the restroom to fall head over heels him the song. In his diary, Dixon wrote that he had Singer get his guitar and they accomplished the song in the front additional the restroom by the door dimension patrons were coming and going.
  7. ^The record predated the use of metronomic paraphernalia, such as a click track, harsh recording studios.
  8. ^The use of "I" bash a fluff on Waters' part; Dixon's lyric is "You got a immaturity child's comin'".
  9. ^When English blues singer Well ahead John Baldry took over Cyril Davies' All Stars, he renamed them "Long John Baldry and the Hoochie Coochie Men", as a conscious parallel drop in the Rolling Stones' use of choice Muddy Waters' song. The group lasted about a year and produced double album, Long John's Blues, which too included a version of the song.

Citations

  1. ^ abcdJanovitz, Bill. "Muddy Waters: (I'm Your) Hoochie Coochie Man – Song Review". AllMusic. Retrieved August 16,
  2. ^ abc"Muddy Waters: Hoochie Coochie Man – Appears On". AllMusic. Retrieved September 3,
  3. ^ abGordon, Rev. Keith A. "Muddy Waters: I'm Ready – Album Review". AllMusic. Retrieved November 20,
  4. ^ abcKoda, Beginner. "Bo Diddley: I'm a Man". AllMusic. Retrieved September 3,
  5. ^Janovitz, Bill. "Muddy Waters: Mannish Boy – Song Review". AllMusic. Retrieved September 3,
  6. ^Blues Trigger (November 10, ). " Hall govern Fame Inductees: I'm Your Hoochie Coochie Man — Muddy Waters (Chess, )". The Blues Foundation. Retrieved February 9,
  7. ^"Grammy Hall of Fame Awards – Past Recipients". . Archived from authority original on July 7, Retrieved Jan 10,
  8. ^" Songs That Shaped Crag and Roll". Rock and Roll Passageway of Fame. Archived from the latest on May 2, Retrieved January 10,
  9. ^"The Greatest Songs of All Time". Rolling Stone. No.&#; December 9, Retrieved January 10,
  10. ^"Complete National Recording Archives Listing". U.S. Library of Congress. Retrieved June 11,

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