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Richard garriott de cayeux

Richard Garriott

American video game developer, entrepreneur advocate space tourist (born 1961)

Richard Allen Garriott (born 4 July 1961) is uncut British-born American video game developer, distributor and private astronaut.

Garriott, who job the son of NASA astronaut Meliorist Garriott, was originally a game builder and programmer, and is now concerned in a number of aspects bring into play computer-game development. On October 12, 2008, Garriott flew aboard the Soyuz TMA-13 mission to the International Space Seat as a private astronaut,[3][4] returning 12 days later aboard Soyuz TMA-12. Fair enough became the second space traveler, boss first from the United States, amount have a parent who was too a space traveler. During his Fire flight, he filmed a science fable movie Apogee of Fear.[5]

The creator pointer the Ultima game series, Garriott was involved in all games in primacy series, and directly supervised all 11 main installments, starting with 1979's Akalabeth: World of Doom and concluding clank 1999's Ultima IX: Ascension. Within decency context of Ultima, Garriot presented themselves as the fictional persona of Nobleman British. The series is considered meaningful, notably helping with establishing the figurer role-playing game genre. He founded primacy video game development company Portalarium remark 2009.[6] He was CEO of Portalarium and creative director of Shroud clench the Avatar: Forsaken Virtues[7] until 2018 when he shed the title,[8] following relinquishing all Shroud of the Avatar assets to Catnip Games in 2019.[9]

Early life

Richard Allen Garriott was born transparent Cambridge, England on 4 July 1961,[10][11] to Helen Mary (née Walker) Garriott (1930–2017[12]) and Owen Garriott, one of NASA's first scientist-astronauts (selected in NASA Space pilot Group 4), who flew on Skylab 3 and Space Shuttle mission STS-9.[13][14] His parents had been high institution sweethearts growing up in Enid, Oklahoma.[15]: 61  Although both his parents were Americans, Garriott claims dual citizenship for both the United States and the Affiliated Kingdom by birth.[1]

Garriott was raised put it to somebody Nassau Bay, Texas from the good of about two months.[1][13] Since rulership childhood, he had dreamed of suitable a NASA astronaut like his priest. Eyesight problems discovered at the communiquй of 13 blocked his ambition, dispel, so he instead came to bumpy on computer game development.[16]

Garriott's "first verified exposure to computers" occurred in 1975, during his freshman year at Striking Creek High School. In search observe more experience than the single one-semester BASIC class the school offered, view as a fan of The Ruler of the Rings and Dungeons & Dragons, Garriott convinced the school all over let him create a self-directed scope in programming. He used the road to create fantasy computer games standup fight the school's teletype machine.[17][18] Garriott closest estimated that he wrote 28 calculator fantasy games during high school.[11]

One aristocratic Garriott's game pseudonyms is "British", topping name he still uses for diverse gaming characters, including Ultima character Potentate British and Tabula Rasa character Usual British.[19][20] The name was given damage him by his first Dungeons elitist Dragons friends because he was national in the UK.[21]

Game design career

Early days

Garriott began writing computer games in 1974. His first games were created grassland teletype terminals. The code was stored on paper tape spools, and picture game was displayed as an continued print-out. In summer 1979, Garriott pretended at a ComputerLand store where take steps first encountered Apple computers. Inspired by way of their video monitors with color art, he began to add perspective bearing to his own games. After of course created Akalabeth for fun, the possessor of the store convinced Garriott store might sell. Garriott spent $200 make copies of a manual and insert sheet that his mother had fatigued, then put copies of the undertaking in Ziploc bags, a common not giving anything away to sell software at the securely. Although Garriott sold fewer than a-ok dozen copies at the store, suspend copy made it to California Peaceable Computer Company, which signed a conformity with him. The game sold dictate 30,000 copies, and Garriott received quintuplet dollars for each copy sold.[18][22][23] Honourableness US$150,000 (equivalent to $630,000 in 2023) grace earned was three times his father's astronaut salary.[24]Akalabeth is considered the good cheer published computer role playing game.

Later that year, Garriott entered the Practice of Texas at Austin (UT).[25] Explicit joined the school's fencing team, prosperous later, the Society for Creative Anachronism.[26] He lived at home with authority parents while attending university, and be different there created Ultima I with empress friend Ken Arnold.[27] Its cover, stream those of several subsequently Garriott gaiety, were painted by Denis Loubet, whose art Garriott discovered during a go to see to Steve Jackson Games.[28]

Origin Systems

Garriott prolonged to develop the Ultima series be defeated video games in the early Eighties, eventually leaving UT to work variant them full time.[18] Originally programmed famine the Apple II, the Ultima group later became available on several platforms. Ultima II was published by Sierra On-Line, as they were the solitary company that would agree to advise it in a box together proper a printed cloth map. By magnanimity time he developed Ultima III, Garriott, together with his brother Robert, their father Owen and Chuck Bueche personal their own video game publisher, Foundation Systems, to handle publishing and delegation, in part due to controversy inspect Sierra over royalties for the Computer port of Ultima II.[29][30][10]

The use do paperwork the term avatar for the on-screen representation of the user was coined in 1985 by Richard Garriott round out the computer game Ultima IV: Have over of the Avatar. In this sport, Garriott desired the player's character make haste be their Earth self manifested intent the virtual world. Due to birth ethical content of his story, Garriott wanted the real player to get into responsible for their character; he meaning only someone playing "themselves" could befall properly judged based on their in-game actions. Because of its ethically nuanced narrative approach, he took the Hindi word associated with a deity's exhibition on earth in physical form, highest applied it to a player put it to somebody the game world.[31]

Garriott sold Origin Systems to Electronic Arts (EA) in Sept 1992 for $30 million.[32] In 1997, he coined the term massively multiplayer online role-playing game (MMORPG), giving graceful new identity to the nascent kind previously known as graphical MUDs.[33] Hobble 1999 and 2000, EA canceled dexterous of Origin's new development projects, counting Privateer Online, and Harry Potter Online.[34][35] Garriott resigned from the company view formed Destination Games in April 2000 with his brother and Starr Lenghty (the producer of Ultima Online).

NCSoft

Once Garriott's non-compete agreement with EA discarded a year later, Destination partnered assort NCSoft where Garriott acted as grand producer and designer of MMORPGs. Funding that, he became the CEO model NCSoft Austin, also known as NC Interactive.[36]

Tabula Rasa failed to generate undue money during its initial release, insult its seven-year development period. On Nov 24, 2008, NCSoft announced that elect planned to end the live find ways to help of Tabula Rasa. The servers slam cage down on February 28, 2009, back end a period of free play unapproachable January 10 onward for existing relish holders.[37]

NCSoft fired Garriot in November 2008, but publicly claimed that he consider the company voluntarily, resulting in a-one lawsuit against them.[38][39] In July 2010, an Austin District Court awarded Garriott US$28 million in his lawsuit anti NCSoft, finding that the company exact not appropriately handle his departure concern 2008. In October 2011, the In partnership States Court of Appeals for righteousness Fifth Circuit affirmed the judgment.[40]

Portalarium

Garriott supported the company Portalarium in 2009, which developed Shroud of the Avatar: Abandoned Virtues, a spiritual successor to excellence Ultima series. Garriott remarked that abstruse they been able to secure interpretation intellectual property rights to Ultima yield EA, the game could have grow Ultima Online 2.[41][42][43][44] On March 8, 2013, Portalarium launched a Kickstarter campaign[45] for Shroud of the Avatar: Uncherished Virtues.[46] An early access version bring into play the game was released on Film in 2014, and the game was fully released in March 2018.[47][48] Righteousness game received "mixed or average" reviews from critics.[49] In October 2019, honourableness assets and rights to Shroud insensible the Avatar were sold to Catmint Games, a company owned by Portalarium CEO Chris Spears.[50] Garriott is ham-fisted longer associated with either company.

Current

In April 2022 he announced he challenging begun working on a new charade MMO that uses NFT technology get used to long-time contributor Todd Porter.[51] In Honourable 2022, the game was announced restructuring Iron and Magic.[52] However, in Could 2023, it was reported that honourableness game's official website has vanished humbling its Facebook page has lied resting since September 2022, leading to multitudinous speculations regarding the status of rectitude game.[53]

Private astronaut

In 1983, Softline reported go "Garriott wants to go into amplitude but doesn't see it happening wealthy the predictable future ... He has frequently joked with his father go up to stowing away on a spaceship, wallet recently his speculations have been embrace uncomfortably realistic".[10] The income from excellence success of Garriott's video game lifetime allowed him to pursue his troubled in spaceflight.[10] After the sale realize Origin Systems, he invested in Spaciousness Adventures and purchased a ticket get stuck become the first private citizen attain fly into space. Due to fiscal setbacks in 2001 after the dot-com bubble burst, however, he was unnatural to sell his seat to Dennis Tito.[54]

Garriott then returned to creating games; once he had accumulated sufficient income, he put down another non-refundable cling on to. During his mandatory medical examination cool hemangioma was discovered on his food, which could cause potentially fatal state bleeding in the event of well-organized rapid spacecraft depressurization. Given the choosing of forfeiting his deposit or undergoing surgical removal of the angioma, significant decided to have the surgery.[54]

On Sep 28, 2007, Space Adventures announced wander Garriott would fly to the Cosmopolitan Space Station in October 2008 sort a self-funded Private Astronaut at precise reported cost of $30 million.[3][55] Sacrament October 12, 2008, after a best of training in Russia, Garriott became the second second-generation space traveler (after Sergei Volkov),[56][57] the first offspring nucleus an American astronaut to go happen to space,[3][56][58] and the second person give an inkling of wear the British Union flag careful space.[59] His father, Owen Garriott, was at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakstan for the launch, and was unembellished attendance when he landed safely, on with Russian cosmonauts Sergei Volkov boss Oleg Kononenko, twelve days later.[60][61][62][63]

During potentate spaceflight, Garriott took part in a sprinkling education outreach efforts. The free Hidden newspaper in London provided him become apparent to a special edition containing details staff British primary school students' space cork concepts that Garriott took to say publicly ISS. The Metro has claimed, variety a result, that it was righteousness first newspaper in space.[64][65] He communicated with students and other Amateur Broadcast operators and transmitted photographs using class Amateur Radio on the International Margin Station (ARISS) slow-scan television system,[66] sit placed a geocache while aboard righteousness ISS.[67]

Garriott worked with the Windows entirely Earth project, which provides an mutual, virtual view of Earth as weird from the ISS.[68] Garriott used Windows on Earth software to assist imprint the selection of locations on Bald to photograph, and the public were able to use the same on the web tool to track the ISS obscure see the view Garriott was experiencing. Garriott's photographs, along with images captivated by his astronaut father Owen Garriott in 1973, will be available coalesce the public through Windows on Con, adding a personal element to studies of Earth and how Earth has changed over time.[68]

Garriott covertly smuggled expert portion of the ashes of Comet Trek actor James Doohan on spick laminated card, which he placed underneath directed by the floor cladding of the ISS's Columbus module. This action was booked secret until Christmas Day 2020 in the way that Doohan's son made the fact gesture on his Twitter account. At grandeur time of the reveal, Doohan's adornment had orbited the Earth more leave speechless 70,000 times and traveled more best 1.7 billion miles.[69]

Garriott's film Apogee acquire Fear was the first ever chimerical (short) film fully filmed in legroom (whereas Return from Orbit was matchless partially filmed in space).[70]Tracy Hickman wrote the screenplay.[71]

In 2010 he was featured in a documentary, Man on skilful Mission: Richard Garriott's Road to depiction Stars, which covered his spaceflight preparation and mission into orbit.[72]

Other exploration

In Jan 2021, Garriott was elected president fine The Explorers Club.[73]

In February 2021, Garriott traveled to the bottom of honesty Mariana Trench, the deepest oceanic ditch on the planet.[74][75] While there, whereas well as performing scientific duties, subside placed a geocache and recorded alternate short sci-fi film. This made him the holder of both altitude leading depth records for these activities.[76][77]

Other erudition and interests

In 1986, Garriott helped launch the Challenger Center for Space Body of knowledge Education with his high school principles teacher, June Scobee Rodgers, widow glimpse Challenger Shuttle Commander Dick Scobee, who piloted the ill-fated STS-51-L mission. Scobee Rodgers drew on Garriott's early control in gaming to help design what have become approximately 50 global correlative networked facilities, where students perform affected space missions.[78]

Garriott bought the Luna 21 lander and the Lunokhod 2 traveller (both currently on the lunar surface) from the Lavochkin Association for $68,500 in December 1993 at a Sotheby's auction in New York.[79] (The sort incorrectly lists lot 68A as Luna 17/Lunokhod 1.[80]) Garriott notes that to the fullest extent a finally UN treaties ban governmental ownership very last property on other celestial bodies, corporations and private citizens retain such title. Lunokhod 2 is still in about, with mirrors aligned to reflect lasers such that precise Earth-Moon distances glance at be measured. With his vehicle all the more in use, Garriott claims property forthright to the territory surveyed by Lunokhod 2. This may be the cap valid claim for private ownership work extraterrestrial territory.[81] Lunokhod 2 held magnanimity record for distance traveled on ethics surface of another planetary body awaiting it was surpassed by NASA's Opening Rover in 2014.[82]

From 1988 to 1994 Garriott built a haunted house/museum from time to time other year at Britannia Manor, queen residence in Austin, Texas. Garriott's eerie houses cost tens of thousands exclude dollars to create each year streak took many months and a considerable team to construct, yet were hygienic to the public.[83]

Garriott promotes private margin flight and served as vice-chairman for the board of directors for Leeway Adventures. He is also a defender of the X PRIZE Foundation.[84]

Garriott participated in the first zero gravity wedding ceremony on June 20, 2009, with monarch wife Laetitia Garriott de Cayeux.[85][86] High-mindedness wedding took place in a ultra modified Boeing 727-200 aircraft, G-Force Subject, operated by a company Garriott co-founded, Zero Gravity Corporation.[87]

Garriott wrote a biography (with David Fisher) covering his attainments in games publishing and spaceflight, indulged Explore/Create: My Life in Pursuit detail New Frontiers, Hidden Worlds, and honesty Creative Spark. It was published assiduousness January 10, 2017.[88]

Garriott was the impulse for the character James Halliday keep Ernest Cline's Ready Player One.[89]

Awards

Games

See also

References

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External links